In 2003 Campbell won The Tour Championship, was runner-up to surprise winner Shaun Micheel at the PGA Championship, and finished seventh on the PGA Tour money list. He claimed a second PGA Tour win in 2004 and made a strong start to 2006, winning the Bob Hope Chrysler Classic and topping the money list for a short time early in the season. He claimed his fourth PGA Tour victory by one stroke at the 2007 Viking Classic.
In the 2009 Masters Tournament, he went to a playoff against Ángel Cabrera and Kenny Perry, but was eliminated on the first playoff hole, the 18th, after he missed a four-foot par putt. Also that week he had the best start to a Masters Tournament after getting five birdies in the first five holes.
Campbell featured in the top 10 of the Official World Golf Ranking briefly in 2004.
Campbell played the 2013-14 season with conditional status, but failed to graduate from the Web.com Tour finals. He is using a career money list exemption for 2014-15.